(Article by Dr. Aruna Kalra – Senior Gynaecologist and Obstetrician at CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram)
What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a gynaecological condition which occurs when endometrial implants, found in uterus, start growing in the other parts of the body. Endometrial implants comprise of endometrial tissues that grow outside the uterus. Endometrial tissues are build-ups of blood cells, gland and connective tissue. They normally grow in the uterus and helps in the lining of the womb for ovulation. When they start growing in the locations outside the uterus, the condition is known as endometriosis. The endometrial implants usually grow in the pelvic area but they can grow anywhere in the body. Endometriosis can affect:
- The ovaries,
- The fallopian tubes,
- The peritoneum,
- The lymph nodes.
What are the symptoms of Endometriosis?
The symptoms of endometriosis include:
- Lower back and pelvic pain
- Periods lasting for more than a week
- Severe menstrual cramps,
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Bowel and urinary problems including pain, bloating, constipation and diarrhea
- Bloody urine or stool
- Vomiting and nausea
- Pain during sex
- Fatigue
- Bleeding between periods
What are the complications associated with Endometriosis?
It is recommended to see a doctor to prevent symptoms of Endometriosis which may further generate complications. The complications associated with Endometriosis are as follows:
- Ovarian cysts
- Inflammation
- Infertility
- Increased risk of ovarian cancer
- Scar tissue and adhesion development
- Bladder and intestinal complications
How is Endometriosis treated?
The treatment of Endometriosis include:
- Pain Medications
- Hormonal Therapies
- Surgery
- Fertility Treatment
