As the Air Gets Nippier, Bengaluru Sees Surge in Eczema Cases
As winter approaches and the weather in Bengaluru turns nippier, a noticeable surge in eczema cases has emerged, affecting people of all ages. The city’s moderate climate, known for its pleasant and temperate weather, often causes unexpected health issues as the cooler months bring a change in the air. While the temperature drop is welcomed by many, it triggers a rise in skin conditions such as eczema.
Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition that causes inflammation, redness, dryness, and severe itching. The colder weather, coupled with environmental factors such as low humidity and increased indoor heating, can exacerbate eczema symptoms, leading to flare-ups. In this article, we explore why Bengaluru sees a rise in eczema cases during the winter season, what makes this city more prone to eczema flare-ups, and how residents can manage and prevent the condition.
Understanding Eczema and Its Triggers
Eczema is an inflammatory skin disorder that can cause the skin to become itchy, red, and dry. It is a condition that affects millions of people worldwide and can range from mild to severe. Eczema flare-ups are often triggered by a variety of factors, including genetics, environmental influences, and lifestyle choices. In Bengaluru, the sudden drop in temperature during the winter season, combined with low humidity and air pollutants, contributes to an increase in eczema cases.
In a city like Bengaluru, where the climate is typically more temperate throughout the year, residents are not always prepared for the harsh winter months. This can make individuals with sensitive skin, particularly those who already suffer from eczema, more vulnerable to flare-ups.
The Effect of Cold Weather on Eczema
Cold, dry air is one of the most common environmental triggers for eczema flare-ups. During the colder months, the air tends to have lower humidity, which leads to moisture loss in the skin. For people with eczema, this loss of moisture can cause the skin to dry out, crack, and become more irritated. In addition, the decrease in temperature often leads people to use indoor heating systems, which can further dry out the air and dehydrate the skin.
When the skin’s protective barrier is compromised, it becomes more susceptible to irritation from allergens, pollutants, and other environmental factors. The result is redness, swelling, and intense itching, all hallmark symptoms of eczema.
Factors Contributing to the Rise in Eczema Cases in Bengaluru
While the colder air is a significant factor, there are other contributors to the rise in eczema cases during the winter in Bengaluru. Here are some of the primary causes:
- Air Pollution: Bengaluru, like many other urban centers, experiences varying levels of air pollution, especially during the winter months. As the cooler air settles over the city, pollutants like dust, smoke, and vehicle emissions become more concentrated. These pollutants can irritate the skin and trigger eczema flare-ups in susceptible individuals.
- Indoor Heating: As temperatures drop, the use of indoor heating systems increases. While they provide warmth, they also reduce indoor humidity levels, which can dry out the skin. Eczema patients are particularly vulnerable to the dehydrating effects of dry indoor air, leading to irritated and cracked skin.
- Changes in Lifestyle: During the cooler months, people often spend more time indoors, wearing heavier clothing and blankets. Woolen fabrics, in particular, can irritate the skin and make eczema worse. Moreover, the tendency to bathe in hot water to stay warm can strip the skin of its natural oils, exacerbating dryness and itching.
- Dietary Changes: People may indulge in certain seasonal foods during the winter months, such as spicy foods or foods rich in sugar, which can worsen eczema for some individuals. Additionally, colder months often see a decrease in the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, which are important for maintaining healthy, hydrated skin.
- Stress: The holiday season, which coincides with the winter months, can also lead to increased stress levels. Stress is a well-known trigger for eczema flare-ups, as it can compromise the immune system and increase inflammation in the body.
Managing Eczema During the Winter Months
While eczema cannot be cured, there are several steps people can take to manage the condition and reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups. Residents of Bengaluru and other parts of India can follow some basic tips to help their skin stay moisturized, protected, and comfortable during the colder months.
1. Moisturize Frequently
One of the most important steps in managing eczema is to keep the skin well-moisturized. During the winter, it’s essential to use a thick, emollient-rich moisturizer that helps seal moisture in the skin. Look for products that contain ingredients like petroleum jelly, shea butter, or ceramides, as these help to restore the skin’s protective barrier.
- Tip: Apply moisturizer immediately after a shower or bath to lock in moisture while the skin is still damp.
2. Avoid Hot Showers
Although hot water may seem comforting during chilly weather, it can actually strip the skin of its natural oils, leaving it dry and more prone to irritation. Instead, opt for lukewarm water when bathing or showering. Limit the time spent in the water to reduce skin exposure to potential drying effects.
- Tip: Use mild, fragrance-free soap or body wash to avoid further irritation.
3. Dress in Soft, Breathable Fabrics
Woolen clothing and other rough fabrics can cause friction and irritate the skin, leading to eczema flare-ups. It’s important to wear soft, breathable fabrics like cotton, which are gentle on the skin. When dressing in layers, make sure that the inner layer touches the skin and is made of a non-irritating material.
- Tip: If you must wear wool, wear a cotton layer underneath to prevent direct contact with the skin.
4. Increase Humidity Indoors
Since indoor heating systems can dry out the air, using a humidifier in the home can help restore moisture to the air and prevent the skin from becoming too dry. Aim to keep the humidity level between 40-60% for optimal skin hydration.
- Tip: Place a humidifier near your bed while sleeping to keep the air moist overnight.
5. Monitor Air Pollution Levels
Given the high levels of air pollution in Bengaluru during the winter months, it’s essential to limit exposure to polluted air. When the air quality is poor, try to stay indoors as much as possible, especially during the early mornings or evenings when pollution levels tend to peak. If you need to go outside, consider wearing a mask to protect your skin from pollutants.
6. Incorporate Skin-Soothing Ingredients
Certain natural remedies can help soothe eczema-prone skin during flare-ups. Look for products that contain ingredients like aloe vera, calendula, chamomile, or turmeric, which are known for their anti-inflammatory and healing properties. Applying a cold compress to affected areas can also provide immediate relief from itching.
- Tip: You can create a homemade soothing mask using aloe vera gel and honey for its hydrating and antimicrobial properties.
7. Stay Hydrated
Drinking enough water is vital for maintaining healthy skin. Dehydration can make eczema worse by drying out the skin, so it’s important to stay hydrated, especially during the cooler months. Aim to drink at least eight glasses of water a day, and incorporate hydrating foods like cucumbers and melons into your diet.
8. Consult a Dermatologist
If eczema flare-ups are severe or persistent, it is important to consult a dermatologist for professional advice and treatment options. Dermatologists may recommend prescription creams, topical steroids, or other treatments to help manage eczema during the winter months.
Conclusion
As winter sets in and the air in Bengaluru gets nippier, the surge in eczema cases serves as a reminder that skin care requires special attention during the cooler months. While the cold, dry weather can exacerbate the condition, understanding the triggers and taking proactive measures to protect the skin can help individuals manage eczema effectively. By moisturizing frequently, avoiding hot showers, dressing in soft fabrics, increasing indoor humidity, and using soothing skin remedies, residents of Bengaluru can mitigate the effects of eczema and continue to enjoy the season comfortably.
With proper care, eczema patients can keep flare-ups under control, ensuring that their skin remains healthy and hydrated even during the coldest months of the year.
