Dr. Ritu Sethi

BY: Dr Ritu Sethi, Senior Consultant- Gynaecology, Cloud Nine Hospital,

Sector 14 Gurgaon and Apex Clinic, Sector 31, Gurgaon

With the cases of breast cancer rising increasingly in India as compared to the western countries, it’s crucisl we need to take care of our breast similar to the way we look after other organs of the body. According to the World Health Organization, In 2018, it is estimated that 627,000 women died from breast cancer globally – that is approximately 15% of all cancer deaths among women.

Breast lump is no doubt a serious condition and could be the initial symptoms of breast cancer. But, one shouldn’t be worried about it because all the breast lumps are not cancerours. Particularly in younger women, breast lumps are a normal condition. However, one should get it evaluated by a doctor if it’s new and feels different.

How breast tissues normally feel?

Our breasts are comprising of tissues of various shapes, sizes and consistency. Some are fatty, glandular and connective tissue. During a woman’s menstrual cycle, these tissues also change thereby making the breast tender. Breast tissues also undergo modifications with age.

When to see the doctor?

One should visit the doctor when:

• You find a new breast lump or thickening that feels different from the surrounding tissue
• There is a change in the size, shape or appearance of the breast
• Breast pain stays for a longer time
• There is some change in the skin near the breast, such as itchiness, redness, scaling or puckering
• The nipple has become little inverted

Procedures to evaluate breast lump

Your doctor might ask you to get some tests to get the confirmed result of breast lump.

• Mammogram
• Breast Ultrasound
• Breast MRI
• Breast Biopsy

Follow-up after breast lump evaluation is essential

If the breast lump isn’t cancerous, your doctor will decide if you need short-term monitoring with clinical breast exams or repeat breast imaging. You may have to see the doctor again in two to three months. The doctor will monitor again if there have been changes in your breast.

If the diagnosis is in question — the clinical breast exam and the mammogram show areas of suspicion, for example, but the biopsy reveals benign tissue — you’ll be referred to a surgeon or other specialist for further consultation.

If the breast lump is cancerous, you’ll work with your doctor to create a treatment plan. The stage and type of breast cancer will decide the further treatment procedure. Generally a surgery is performed if the lump is proven to be cancer. The surgeon before performing the surgery will explain appropriate surgical options and provide you with the information necessary to make this decision.You may have several consultations with other physicians for additional treatment, including radiation therapy and chemotherapy or hormone therapy.

Dr Ritu Sethi, Senior Consultant- Gynaecology, Cloud Nine Hospital, Sector 14 Gurgaon and Apex Clinic, Sector 31, Gurgaon

One should visit a gynecologist when she is suffering from women related issues like inability to conceive, menstrual problems, uterine fibroids, pelvic pain, bleeding, PCOD among others. It’s important to visit gynecologist once a year at least.

In a woman’s life, menstruation changes periodically, depending on the health of the body and various stages, including pregnancy.

PCOD is an issue which affects women of all age groups. I have noticed patients getting distressed with skin problems like hair growth, acne and hair fall not realizing that these are only skin manifestations of internal disease. When the female hormones become abnormal due to excessive weight gain or lack of regular exercise such issues occur in the female body.

Another scenario is cancer. Cancer is a deadly affliction affecting the entire population across all age groups. In India, the incidence of cancer has been rising steadily and more so among women. Most women are not even aware that cancers of the female genital tract can be picked up at routine screening stage like cancer of the cervix.

All that is required is a simple test called a Pap smear which can detect this cancer at a precancerous stage, so routine pap smears are very important for every sexually active female in every 3 years.

Also, cancers like breast and ovarian cancers are genetically inherited and routine screening to reduce the risk women. Early detection can prevent or detect these cancers at an early stage.

Pre-conceptional counseling is a very important interaction a couple undergoes with their gynecologist when they intend to start a family. The importance of this cannot be undermined because many hereditary diseases can be prevented from being passed on to the unborn fetus if proper screening of the couple is done.

Thus, the important points to note are that a visit to a gynaecologist is not merely to find a cure but timely prevention can detect certain conditions, the cure for which might either be too long, too delayed or too devastating.