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Sameer Bhati

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All you need to know about Cancer Diagnostics

by Sameer Bhati February 4, 2022

written by Sameer Bhati

It is important to diagnose cancer at an early stage and it often proves to be very beneficial in treatment. With this in mind, you should talk to your doctor about what type of cancer screening might be appropriate for you.

Early diagnosis can make it possible to treat and prevent cancer in the right way. In most of the cases, people reach very late because the symptoms of cancer are not visible in the early stage, so from the age of 40 we need to get some other tests done along with the rest of our routine tests. You can get tested after consulting your doctor as it is recommended to get tested for cancer according to your age, your lifestyle, your family medical history.

Some of the major tests are: chest X-ray, CT scan of the lungs, which can diagnose cancer of the lungs. In men P. there is a blood test called AI, which is done to detect prostate cancer. Apart from this, you can have an ultrasound of the whole abdomen, which is mandatory for both women and men. Along with this, it is important for women to have a test called Pap smear, which detects the presence of cervical cancer and mammography test, which can detect breast cancer. Both these cancers, cervical cancer and breast cancer, are very common in women, so you can get this test done after consulting your gynecologist.

Awareness is very important to prevent cancer as most of the patients reach stage 3 or stage 4. The sooner we can diagnose cancer, the sooner it can be treated and completely curable. Apart from this, endoscopy salt test is done to check for stomach related cancer or colon cancer.

Before getting a cancer test, you must consult with your doctor or specialist. Talk to them about your lifestyle, your medical history, and any symptoms you have in yourself. Only then you can be advised for the right test.

Your doctor may use one or more of the following methods to diagnose cancer:

1. Physical exam: Your doctor will try to feel for lumps in areas of your body that may indicate cancer. During the physical exam, your doctor may look for abnormalities in your body, such as changes in skin color or enlargement of an organ, that may indicate the presence of cancer.

2. Laboratory Tests: Laboratory tests, such as urine and blood tests, can help your doctor identify abnormalities that may be due to cancer.

3. Imaging tests: Imaging tests help your doctor examine your bones and internal organs non-invasively. Imaging test is used to diagnose cancer may include computerized tomography (CT) scans, bone scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) scans, ultrasound, and X-rays. .

4. Biopsy: During a biopsy, your doctor collects a sample of your cells for testing in the laboratory. There are several ways to collect samples. Which biopsy procedure is right for you depends on the type of cancer and its location. In most situations, the only way to definitively diagnose cancer is through a biopsy.

In the laboratory, doctors look at a sample of cells under a microscope. Normal its look alike, with similar size and orderly organization. Cancer cells without distinct shape and clear organization look less organized.

February 4, 2022 0 comment

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Must go through these tests if you have Diabetes

by Sameer Bhati November 16, 2021

written by Sameer Bhati

According to specialists, diabetes affects life expectancy by 4 to 10 years and increases the chance of mortality owing to other diabetes-related co-morbidities. Heart attacks, renal failures, and infections are examples of co-morbidities.

Therefore, people with diabetes should undergo the following tests:

Fasting Blood Sugar Test: In this test, blood sample is taken after about 8 hours of fasting (Overnight). A fasting blood sugar level below 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) — 5.6 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) is considered normal, the blood sugar level from 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 7.0 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes which is sometimes called impaired fasting glucose while a fasting blood sugar level of 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher indicates type 2 diabetes.

HbA1C: This test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin for past few months. The higher your blood sugar levels, the more hemoglobin you’ll have with sugar attached. It is done using a sample of blood from a finger or from your arm. An A1C below 5.7% is normal. An A1C level of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests shows that you have diabetes while A1C around 5.7 and 6.4 percent shows prediabetic conditions.
A Complete Blood Count (CBC):In this test, levels of blood components like RBC, WBC, Platelets, Haemoglobin etc are checked by taking the Blood Sample. Increase or decrease in component levels from the normal range shows that the person tested may have the related medical problems.
Lipid Profile: Diabetic patients must get the screening of their Cholestrol levels as chances of Heart Diseases are increased in their case. This test is done to measure the amount of “good” and “bad” cholesterol and triglycerides, a type of fat, in your blood. It includes Total Cholesterol, LDL & HDL Cholesterol and Triglycerides. Generally total cholesterol should be under 200 mg/dL. Ideally, the LDL cholesterol should be less than 70 mg/dL and the HDL should be 50 mg/dL or higher while the triglyceride levels should be less than 150 mg/dL. If only HDL and total cholesterol levels are being checked, one may eat beforehand, however, if a complete lipid profile diagnosis is done, one should avoid eating or drinking anything other than water for nine to 12 hours before the test.
Post Prandial Glucose Test (PPBS): In this test, level of glucose is measured in blood after 2 hours of eating food. This test is done to see how your body responds to sugar and starch after you eat a meal. One has to fast for 12 hours before the test and then eat a meal with at least 75 grams of carbohydrates. Then after two-hour waiting period blood sample is taken. One should not do exercise during these two hours as it can increase blood sugar levels while Pregnant women are not required to do fasting.
Oral glucose tolerance test: This test measures your body’s ability to use sugar after drinking a standard amount in a sugary drink. In a modified version of this test, Gestational Diabetes is diagnosed which is a type of diabetes developed during pregnancy.

November 16, 2021 0 comment

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Covid-19 third wave: Key tests to undergo before taking the big Covid test

by Sameer Bhati August 23, 2021

written by Sameer Bhati

Article by Mr. Sameer Bhati (Director of Star Imaging & Path Lab)

Covid 19’s third wave is a concept which can become a hard reality because of us and has been even remained a concept so far because of us. From these lines it is crystal clear; Coronavirus spreading is closely related to our behaviour and how much sensitive we are as a citizen or human beings?

First and second waves have completely challenged our healthcare infrastructure and shown us our health system’s deficiencies in a hard way. We are completely failed to support our vast population an effective and responsive healthcare system when they needed it most.During second wave, it was well evident that we didn’t have sufficient isolation beds with proper oxygen support system as well as oxygen distribution and transportation system. It was observedthat during that time we had a huge shortage of testing kits and RT-PCR testing facilities, whereas, today we are witnessing biggest hospital admission policy flaws in Covid 19’s insurance patients claims settlements. These are few examples which clearly indicatethat there are lacunaein healthcare policy designing and its ground level implementation. A complete forensic auditing of this failure or deficiencies has revealed us many facts but the reason which is surprisingly the biggest contributor for this devastation is the fact that the health and healthcare sector is the least prioritized sector in India. It’s a high time to understand our needs and to list our priorities in such a way that it can help us during such emergency time.A responsive government and responsible nation are the one which learn a lesson from the past to make their future certain and secure. We also need to take a lesson from first and second Covid 19 waves and must built the assay of tests before third wave hit India in actual.

We have already seen many variants of Coronavirus and the variant which has hit the whole worldin a most drastic manneris the “Delta variant”. According to a study done through the genome sequencing data, how much prevalent was theDelta variant from January to July is shown below;

Countries	% in January 2021	% in July 2021
India	<10	94
Australia	<15	89
Bangladesh	0	94
Brazil	0	0
Canada	0	11
France	0	55
Germany	0	54
Indonesia	<5	96
Israel	0	98
Italy	0	43
Japan	0	34
South Africa	0	70
UK	0	99
US	0	64

This is an eye opener how fast this deadly variant is spreading its footprints. In case of India,we hadseen almost negligible cases in January month but due to our negligence and then unresponsive healthcare system, its prevalence had jumped by 94 percent. In April and May month whole world had witnessed the menace of this variant. Today scientists and experts are still anticipating that this variant will play a very important role in bringing the third wave too. Now we need to analyze this scenario and implement some serious protocols as well as probes to check or handle third wave.

At Government levels:

An extreme urgency of close monitoring of new Coronavirus cases is needed and with the anticipation of the further pattern of this case scenario, well advance protocols or policies could be designed and briefed at the local administrative levels. For example, development of micro- containment zones and implementing thelockdown in designated areaswhere positivity rate has arisen to certain level. This anticipated reaction to the positivity rate will be decided as per the government’s protocol much before it becomes

Vaccination is a great probe against this virus and we have seen even in WHO data, countries where a vast majority of population has already been vaccinated, Coronavirus has either lost its speed of spread completely or shown the reducedseverity of the infection. Today, in our country, more than 53 crores of people who have already taken their first dose but in front of our vast population this figure is still minimal. New policies need to be designedin order to vaccinate more

To make an arrangement for making testing kits available at the doorstep of everyone. RT-PCR, CT and other testing probes shall be made in the reach of everyone in terms of availability and

Proper oxygen and medicine distribution system and related protocols are need to be designed and implemented.Hospitals, healthcare centres, children ICU, medicine shops, cremation grounds are need to be updated with more realistic facilities.

Strict laws to be made against black marketing, hoardings of essential medicines and equipments, manufacturing and sale of duplicate medicines

Medical emergency, basic procedures and Covid 19 related protocols should be made school and college course

At Individual and Society levels:

Masking, distancing and washing hands should be followed
Consider vaccination as an individual fundamental
Motivate people for testing and help in providing transportation to them if necessary.
Societies need to motivate people for following Covid 19 protocols and vaccinate
Societies need to develop healthcare facilities near their
Needs to develop a culture to help each

An aggressive testing is the best way to check the spread of third wave of Coronavirus. These deliverables are a type of testing which on one side help to stop Coronavirus third wave as preventive measure while on theother side, it will help to anticipate the future Coronavirus projections so that by strictly implementing Covid protocols menace of the pandemic that can be brought down. Current Coronavirus new cases data of US, UK, Australia is pointing towards the reemergence of this viral infection. But also help us in understanding how these countries had handled this spread. When our experts are indicating towards challenging situation for Children in the possible third wave, we need to develop a proper healthcare system for them in every district with trained healthcare workers.

Diagnostics testing are one of the method through which onset and rate of infection are generally measured but above mentioned deliverables will work as diagnostic test one hand and on the other hand will help in stopping the possible third wave which is also a big Covid test. We have seen testing is effective only in normal circumstances but at the time of peak hours or emergency, testing is least significant. We had seen that in April and May months the importance of testing was reduced to the least, whereas, the treatment had become the primary objective then. The current genome sequencing of Delhi has shown that 80% samples have Delta variant presence which is an alarming sign. We really don’t know herewho is infected and who is not, so everyone is in a risk. To stop this insecurity home testing, rapid antigen tests are sufficient to avoid RT-PCR test or possible wave.

These preventive and administrative measures are real key tests before landing onto the main big test when real possible third wave will hit India and situation will become critical.

August 23, 2021 0 comment